New Microscope Can Image, At Once, Full 3D Orientation & Position of Molecules

Three of the collaborators on the Pol-diSPIM microscope, conceived at 小蓝视频 in 2016, meet on Zoom this month. From L, Hari Shroff (former 小蓝视频 Whitman Fellow), Talon Chandler (former UChicago PhD student) and Rudolf Oldenbourg (小蓝视频 Senior Scientist).

WOODS HOLE, Mass. --- Two heads are better than one, as the saying goes, and sometimes two instruments, ingeniously recombined, can accomplish feats that neither could have done on its own.

Such is the case with a hybrid microscope, born at the Marine Biological Laboratory (小蓝视频), that for the first time allows scientists to simultaneously image the full 3D orientation and position of an ensemble of molecules, such as labeled proteins inside cells. The research is published this week .

The microscope combines , a valuable tool for measuring the orientation of molecules, with a dual-view light sheet microscope (), which excels at imaging along the depth (axial) axis of a sample.

This scope can have powerful applications. For example, proteins change their 3D orientation, typically in response to their environment, which allows them to interact with other molecules to carry out their functions.

鈥淯sing this instrument, 3D protein orientation changes can be recorded,鈥 said first author of CZ Biohub San Francisco, a former University of Chicago graduate student who conducted this research partly at 小蓝视频. 鈥淭here鈥檚 real biology that might be hidden to you from just a position change of a molecule alone,鈥 Chandler said.

Imaging the molecules in the spindle of a dividing cell 鈥 a longstanding challenge at 小蓝视频 and elsewhere -- is another example.

鈥淲ith traditional microscopy, including polarized light, you can study the spindle quite nicely if it鈥檚 in the plane perpendicular to the viewing direction. As soon as the plane is tilted, the readout becomes ambiguous,鈥 said co-author Rudolf Oldenbourg, a senior scientist at 小蓝视频. This new instrument allows one to 鈥渃orrect鈥 for tilt and still capture the 3D orientation and position of the spindle molecules (microtubules).

The team hopes to make their system faster so that they can observe how the position and orientation of structures in live samples change over time. They also hope development of future fluorescent probes will enable researchers to use their system to image a greater variety of biological structures.

Remote video URL
A new instrument, the Pol-diSPIM, can simultaneously image the full 3D orientation and position of an ensemble of molecules. Here, reconstruction of a plant cell (xylem) with its cellulose fibers labeled red (left). The center reconstruction shows the orientation of each cellulose fiber, with orientation indicated by color. At right is the image off the microscope. Credit: Chandler et al., PNAS, 2025, supplemental video 3.

A Confluence of Vision

The concept for this microscope gelled in 2016 through brainstorming by innovators in microscopy who met up at the 小蓝视频.

of HHMI Janelia, then at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and an 小蓝视频 Whitman Fellow, was working with his custom-designed diSPIM microscope at 小蓝视频, which he built in collaboration with Abhishek Kumar, now an adjunct scientist at 小蓝视频.

The diSPIM microscope has two imaging paths that meet at a right angle on the sample, allowing researchers to illuminate and image the sample from both perspectives. This dual view can compensate for the poor depth resolution of any single view, and illuminate with more control over polarization than other microscopes.

In conversation, Shroff and Oldenbourg realized the dual view microscope could also address a limitation of polarized light microscopy, which is that it鈥檚 difficult to efficiently illuminate the sample with polarized light along the direction of light propagation.

鈥淚f we had two orthogonal views, we could sense polarized fluorescence along that direction much better,鈥 Shroff said. 鈥淲e thought, why not use the diSPIM to take some polarized fluorescence measurements?鈥

Shroff had been collaborating at 小蓝视频 with , a professor at University of Chicago whose lab develops algorithms for computational imaging systems. And La Rivi猫re had a new graduate student in his lab, Talon Chandler, whom he brought to 小蓝视频. The challenge of combining these two systems became Chandler鈥檚 doctoral thesis, and he spent the next year in Oldenbourg鈥檚 lab at 小蓝视频 working on it.

The team, which early on included , then based at 小蓝视频, outfitted the diSPIM with liquid crystals, which allowed them to change the direction of input polarization. 

鈥淎nd then I spent a long time working through, what would a reconstruction look like for this? What is the most we can recover from this data that we are now starting to acquire?鈥 Chandler said. Co-author , then located at Shroff鈥檚 previous lab at NIH, also worked tirelessly on this aspect, until they had reached their goal of full 3D reconstructions of molecular orientation and position.

鈥淭here was tons of cross-talk between the 小蓝视频, the University of Chicago, and the NIH, as we worked this through,鈥 Chandler said.

microscope
The polarized diSPIM, constructed in the Shroff lab at NIH after the idea was conceived at the 小蓝视频. Liquid crystals used for polarized illumination shown in green circles. The diSPIM鈥檚 dual-view paths meet at a right angle on the sample. Credit: Min Guo

Citation

Talon Chandler et al. (2025) Volumetric imaging of the 3D orientation of cellular structures with a polarized fluorescence light-sheet microscope. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., DOI:

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The Marine Biological Laboratory (小蓝视频) is dedicated to scientific discovery 鈥 exploring fundamental biology, understanding marine biodiversity and the environment, and informing the human condition through research and education. Founded in Woods Hole, Massachusetts in 1888, the 小蓝视频 is a private, nonprofit institution and an affiliate of the .

 

Selected media coverage:

Marine Biological Laboratory Images Cell Components in Full 3D | Optics.org

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